Iyonke idolo arthroplasty (TKA), eyaziwa nangokuthi utyando olupheleleyo lokutshintshwa kwamadolo, yinkqubo ejoliswe ekutshintsheni eyonakalisiweyo okanye egugileidolo ngokubambisanakunye neukufakelwa okwenziweyo okanye ukufakelwa. Yenziwa ngokuqhelekileyo ukunciphisa intlungu kunye nokuphucula umsebenzi kubantu abane-arthritis enzima yamadolo, i-rheumatoid arthritis, i-post-traumatic arthritis, okanye ezinye iimeko ezichaphazela idolo.
Nantsi isishwankathelo seenkqubo zotyando ezibandakanyekayo kwi-knee arthroplasty:
Uvavanyo lwangaphambi kokusebenza: Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, isigulane sivavanywa ngokubanzi, kubandakanywa ukuphononongwa kwembali yonyango, ukuhlolwa komzimba, izifundo zokucinga (ezifana ne-X-rays okanye i-MRI), kwaye ngamanye amaxesha iimvavanyo zegazi. Oku kunceda iqela lotyando livavanye impilo yesigulane kwaye licwangcise inkqubo ngokufanelekileyo.
I-Anesthesia: I-knee arthroplasty iyonke idla ngokuqhutywa phantsi kwe-anesthesia jikelele, i-anesthesia yomgogodla, okanye idibaniso zombini. Ukukhethwa kwe-anesthesia kuxhomekeke kwisimo sempilo yesigulane, ukhetho, kunye nesincomo sogqirha.
I-Incision: Emva kokuba i-anesthesia ilawulwa, ugqirha wenza i-incision phezu kwedolo elihlangeneyo. Ubungakanani kunye nendawo yokusikwa kunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana ne-anatomy yesigulane kunye nendlela yotyando esetyenzisiweyo. Iziza eziqhelekileyo zokuqhawula ziquka ngaphambili (ngaphambili), icala (elisecaleni), okanye phambi kwedolo (umgca ophakathi).
Ukuvezwa kunye nokuLungisa: Emva kokufikelela kwi-joint joint, ugqirha uhamba ngokucokisekileyo ecaleni kwezicubu ezijikelezayo ukuze uveze iindawo ezidibeneyo ezonakalisiweyo. I-cartilage eyonakalisiweyo kunye nethambo emva koko isuswe kwi-femur (ithambo lethanga), i-tibia (ithambo lethambo), kwaye ngamanye amaxesha i-patella (i-kneecap) ukuyilungiselela ukubekwa kwamacandelo e-prosthetic.
Ukufakelwa: Amacandelo e-prosthetic aqukethe isinyithi kunye neeplastiki ezenzelwe ukuphindaphinda isakhiwo sendalo kunye nomsebenzi wedolo elihlangeneyo. Ezi zixhobo ziquka isinyithiicandelo lobufazi, isinyithi okanye iplastikiicandelo le-tibial, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha inxalenye yeplastiki yepatellar. Amacandelo akhuselwe kwithambo kusetyenziswa i-samente yethambo okanye ngeendlela zokucofa, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lokufakelwa kunye nokukhethwa ngugqirha.
Ukuvalwa: Emva kokuba amacandelo e-prosthetic akhona kwaye idolo elihlangeneyo livavanyelwa ukuzinza kunye noluhlu lokunyakaza, ugqirha uvala i-incision nge-sutures okanye i-staples. Isinxibo esingenazintsholongwane sisetyenziswa kwindawo yokusikwa.
Ukhathalelo lwasemva kotyando: Emva kotyando, isigulane sijongwa ngokusondeleyo kwindawo yokuchacha ngaphambi kokuba sidluliselwe kwigumbi lasesibhedlele okanye kwindawo yokunyamekela emva kotyando. Ukulawulwa kweentlungu, unyango lomzimba, kunye nokuvuselelwa zizinto ezibalulekileyo zesicwangciso sokunyamekela emva kokusebenza ukukhuthaza ukuphilisa, ukubuyisela amandla amadolo kunye nomsebenzi, nokukhusela iingxaki.
Itotali ye-knee arthroplasty yinkqubo ephumelele kakhulu enokuphucula ngokubonakalayo umgangatho wobomi kubantu abaphethwe ziintlungu ezibuthathaka zamadolo kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, njengalo naluphi na utyando, kukho imingcipheko kunye neengxaki ezinokuthi zibe khona, kuquka usulelo, amahlwili egazi, ukukhululeka kokufakelwa, kunye nokuqina. Kubalulekile ukuba izigulana zilandele imiyalelo yogqirha wotyando kukhathalelo lwasemva kotyando kunye nokubuyisela kwimo yesiqhelo ukufezekisa ezona ziphumo zingcono.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-17-2024