I-Total knee arthroplasty (TKA), okwaziwa ngokuba lutyando lokutshintshwa kwedolo elipheleleyo, yinkqubo ejolise ekutshintsheni idolo elonakeleyo okanye eligugileyoidolokunyeukufakelwa okanye iprosthesis yokwenziwaNgokuqhelekileyo yenziwa ukunciphisa iintlungu nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwabantu abane-arthritis enzulu yamadolo, i-rheumatoid arthritis, i-post-traumatic arthritis, okanye ezinye iimeko ezichaphazela idolo.
Nantsi ingqikelelo yeenkqubo zotyando ezibandakanyeka kwi-total knee arthroplasty:
Uvavanyo lwangaphambi kotyando: Ngaphambi kotyando, isigulana siyavavanywa ngokupheleleyo, kuquka ukuphononongwa kwembali yezonyango, uhlolo lomzimba, izifundo zomfanekiso (ezifana ne-X-ray okanye i-MRI), kwaye ngamanye amaxesha uvavanyo lwegazi. Oku kunceda iqela lotyando ukuba lihlole impilo yesigulana iyonke kwaye licwangcise inkqubo ngokufanelekileyo.
I-Anesthesia: I-Total knee arthroplasty idla ngokwenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia eqhelekileyo, i-spine anesthesia, okanye indibaniselwano yazo zombini. Ukukhetha i-anesthesia kuxhomekeke kwimeko yempilo yesigulana, izinto ezikhethwayo, kunye nengcebiso kagqirha wotyando.
Ukusikwa: Nje ukuba kufakwe i-anesthesia, ugqirha wenza isiko phezu kwedolo. Ubungakanani kunye nendawo yokusikwa kunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nokwakheka komzimba wesigulana kunye nendlela yotyando esetyenzisiweyo. Iindawo eziqhelekileyo zokusikwa ziquka umphambili (ngaphambili), icala (ecaleni), okanye umphambili wedolo (umgca ophakathi).
Ukuvezwa kunye nokulungiswa: Emva kokufikelela kwilungu ledolo, ugqirha otyandayo ususa ngononophelo izicubu ezijikelezileyo ukuze aveze iindawo ezonakeleyo zamalungu. I-cartilage kunye nethambo elonakeleyo emva koko zisuswa kwi-femur (ithambo lethanga), kwi-tibia (ithambo lesifuba), kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kwi-patella (i-kneecap) ukuze zilungiselelwe ukufakwa kwezinto zokufakelwa.
Ukufakelwa: Izinto zokufakelwa zenziwe ngentsimbi kunye neplastiki ezenzelwe ukuphinda ulwakhiwo lwendalo kunye nomsebenzi wedolo. Ezi zinto ziquka isinyithiinxalenye ye-femoral, isinyithi okanye iplastikiinxalenye ye-tibial, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha icandelo leplastiki lepatellar. Ezi zixhobo zibotshelelwa ethanjeni kusetyenziswa isamente yethambo okanye ngeendlela zokufaka i-press-fit, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-implant kunye nokukhetha kukagqirha.
Ukuvalwa: Nje ukuba izinto zokufakelwa zibekwe endaweni yazo kwaye idolo livavanyiwe ukuba lizinzile kwaye lihamba kangakanani, ugqirha uvala i-incision nge-sutures okanye i-staples. I-dressing engenazintsholongwane ifakwa phezu kwendawo yokusikwa.
Ukhathalelo Emva kotyando: Emva kotyando, isigulana sijongwa ngokusondeleyo kwindawo yokuchacha ngaphambi kokuba sidluliselwe kwigumbi lesibhedlele okanye kwiziko lokhathalelo emva kotyando. Ulawulo lweentlungu, unyango lomzimba, kunye nokuvuselelwa zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwisicwangciso sokhathalelo emva kotyando ukukhuthaza ukuphiliswa, ukubuyisela amandla edolo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokuthintela iingxaki.
I-Total knee arthroplasty yinkqubo ephumelele kakhulu enokuphucula kakhulu umgangatho wobomi kubantu abanengxaki yokungasebenzi kakuhle kwamadolo. Nangona kunjalo, njengalo naluphi na utyando, kukho umngcipheko kunye neengxaki ezinokubakho, kubandakanya usulelo, amahlwili egazi, ukukhululeka kwe-implant, kunye nokuqina. Kubalulekile ukuba izigulana zilandele imiyalelo yogqirha wazo yokhathalelo kunye nokuvuselelwa emva kotyando ukuze zifumane iziphumo ezilungileyo.
Ixesha leposi: Meyi-17-2024